Mordecai Joseph Brill Ezekiel (May 10, 1899 to October 31, 1974) was an American agrarian economist who worked for the United States government and the United Nations for a number of years.
He is credited with formulating the details of what was to become the Agriculture Adjustment Administration, and helped prepare a draft of the Agricultural Adjustment Act. After the November 1932 presidential election, he also met with President-elect Franklin Roosevelt, Rexford Tugwell, M. L. Wilson, and Henry Morgenthau, Jr., to discuss the farm policy of the new administration.
He was also an early and long time participant with the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO).
Together with G.C. Haas, he helped describe the pork cycle.
Born in Richmond, VA, he was the son of Jacob and Rachel Brill Ezekiel (who had been a secretary to the suffragist Carrie Chapman Catt). He had two brothers, Walter Naphtali Ezekiel, a plant pathologist, and Raphael Ezekiel, a graduate of West Point, and one sister, Bertha Brill Ezekiel (Topkis).
Ezekiel was married to Lucille Finsterwald and they had three children: David Jonathan and Margot. He was also the uncle of the Hebrew poet Yosef Yehezkel.